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150 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
150 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
# Python 项目
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Python 项目用于部署 Django、Flask、FastAPI 等 Python Web 应用。
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## 前置要求
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1. 安装 Python 运行环境：**应用** > **运行环境** > **Python**
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2. 项目源代码
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## 部署步骤
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1. 上传项目代码到服务器
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2. 创建虚拟环境并安装依赖：
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```bash
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cd /opt/ace/project/myapp
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python3.13 -m venv venv
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source venv/bin/activate
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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```
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3. 创建项目：
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- **项目名**：`myapp`
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- **项目目录**：`/opt/ace/project/myapp`
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- **启动命令**：见下方示例
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4. 开启 **反向代理**
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## 启动命令示例
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### Django
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```bash
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# 开发服务器（不推荐生产使用）
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
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# 使用 Gunicorn（推荐）
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/gunicorn myproject.wsgi:application -b 0.0.0.0:8000 -w 4
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# 使用 uWSGI
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/uwsgi --http 0.0.0.0:8000 --module myproject.wsgi
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```
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### Flask
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```bash
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# 开发服务器（不推荐生产使用）
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/python app.py
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# 使用 Gunicorn（推荐）
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/gunicorn app:app -b 0.0.0.0:8000 -w 4
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```
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### FastAPI
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```bash
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# 使用 Uvicorn
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000
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# 使用 Gunicorn + Uvicorn Workers（推荐）
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/gunicorn main:app -b 0.0.0.0:8000 -w 4 -k uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker
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```
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## 常用框架配置
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### Django 生产配置
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`settings.py`:
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```python
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DEBUG = False
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ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['your-domain.com']
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STATIC_ROOT = '/opt/ace/project/myapp/static/'
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```
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收集静态文件：
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```bash
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/python manage.py collectstatic
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```
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### FastAPI 示例
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```python
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from fastapi import FastAPI
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app = FastAPI()
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@app.get("/")
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def read_root():
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return {"Hello": "World"}
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```
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## Gunicorn 配置
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创建 `gunicorn.conf.py`：
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```python
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bind = "0.0.0.0:8000"
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workers = 4
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worker_class = "sync" # 或 "uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker" for FastAPI
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timeout = 30
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keepalive = 2
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```
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启动命令：
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```bash
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/opt/ace/project/myapp/venv/bin/gunicorn -c gunicorn.conf.py myproject.wsgi:application
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```
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## 虚拟环境
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强烈建议使用虚拟环境隔离项目依赖：
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```bash
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# 创建虚拟环境
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python3.13 -m venv venv
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# 激活虚拟环境
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source venv/bin/activate
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# 安装依赖
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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# 退出虚拟环境
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deactivate
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```
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## 常见问题
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### 依赖安装失败
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某些包需要编译，确保安装了必要的系统依赖：
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```bash
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# AlmaLinux/Rocky Linux
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yum install gcc python3-devel
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# Ubuntu/Debian
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apt install gcc python3-dev
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```
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### 静态文件 404
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Django 生产环境需要配置 Nginx 直接提供静态文件，或使用 WhiteNoise。
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### 数据库连接问题
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检查数据库配置和网络连接，确保数据库服务正常运行。
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