# Disk

The disk page provides disk partition management and LVM logical volume management features.

## Disk Management

![Disk Management](/images/toolbox/toolbox-disk.png)

### Disk Information

The top of the page displays basic information for each disk:

- **Disk Name**: Such as vda, sda
- **Type**: System disk or data disk
- **Size**: Total disk capacity
- **Partitions**: Number of partitions
- **Disk Type**: HDD, SSD, etc.

### Partition List

Each disk shows its partition information:

| Column         | Description                               |
|----------------|-------------------------------------------|
| Partition Name | Partition device name, such as vda1, vda2 |
| Size           | Partition capacity                        |
| Used           | Used space                                |
| Available      | Available space                           |
| Usage          | Usage percentage                          |
| Mount Point    | Mount directory, such as `/`, `/data`     |
| File System    | File system type, such as ext4, xfs       |
| Actions        | Unmount and other operations              |

### Mount Partition

Mount an unmounted partition to a specified directory:

- **Partition**: Select the partition to mount
- **Mount Path**: Mount directory, such as `/mnt/data`
- **Mount Options**: Mount parameters, such as `defaults,noatime`
- **Auto Mount on Boot**: Whether to write to fstab for automatic mounting on boot

### Format Partition

::: danger Warning
Formatting will erase all data on the partition!
:::

- **Partition**: Select the partition to format
- **File System Type**: ext4, xfs, btrfs, etc.

### Initialize Disk

::: danger Warning
Initialization will delete all partitions and data on the disk!
:::

Initialize the entire disk as a single partition:

- **Disk**: Select the disk to initialize
- **File System Type**: ext4, xfs, btrfs, etc.

### Auto Mount Configuration (fstab)

Display mount configurations in `/etc/fstab`:

- **Device**: Device name or UUID
- **Mount Point**: Mount directory
- **File System**: File system type
- **Options**: Mount options
- **Actions**: Remove configuration

## LVM Management

![LVM Management](/images/toolbox/toolbox-disk-lvm.png)

LVM (Logical Volume Manager) provides flexible disk space management with support for dynamic partition resizing.

### Physical Volume (PV)

Physical volumes are the foundation of LVM, typically a disk partition or an entire disk.

**Create Physical Volume**:

1. Select device (unused partition or disk)
2. Click **Create Physical Volume**

### Volume Group (VG)

A volume group consists of one or more physical volumes, representing a storage pool concept.

**Create Volume Group**:

1. Enter volume group name
2. Select physical volumes to add
3. Click **Create Volume Group**

### Logical Volume (LV)

Logical volumes allocate space from volume groups, equivalent to traditional partitions.

**Create Logical Volume**:

1. Enter logical volume name
2. Select volume group
3. Set size (GB)
4. Click **Create Logical Volume**

### Extend Logical Volume

Dynamically extend the size of a logical volume:

1. Select the logical volume to extend
2. Enter extension size (GB)
3. Check **Auto Resize File System** (recommended)
4. Click **Extend Logical Volume**

::: tip Tip
The advantage of LVM is that logical volumes can be extended online without unmounting partitions or restarting the system.
:::